ETERNAL YOUTH :
Eternal life and eternal youth are gifts men have always wanted, but to the Greeks these belonged to the gods alone, and very few mortals were ever granted them. There was and afterlife in Hades, but there men were poor, thin ghosts with bat-like, twittering voices and little power to enjoy or fell. Even Achilles, greatest of heroes, who lived in the land of the blessed dead among pleasant woods and meadows of daffodil, declared that he would rather be the meanest and most miserable slave on earth than the great prince of Hades that he was. Several stories are told of eternal youth and how hard it is to attain it. Among these are love stories of Artemis, the moon huntress, and Eos, whom we know better by her Latin name Aurora, goddess of the dawn.
In most legends Artemis is the shy huntress who chases the deer and the wild boar on the mountains with her silver bow. She loves the company of her nymphs alone and has sworn to keep away from man. One hunter, Actaeon, who spied on her as she was bathing, was even changed into a deer and run down by his own dogs as a punishment for his daring.
Yet there is a story that Artemis fell in love with Endymion, a shepherd who kept watch among the hills. Great was the love between the handsome, dark-eyed shepherd and the silver goddess who caressed him nightly with her beams. But since men grow sick and old while goddesses are forever young, Artemis could not possess Endymion always in the vigor of his youth. Therefore while he was still young, she sent upon him an enchanted sleep in which he might lie eternally, unheeding the lapse of time. In the shelter of a little cave on a high mountain side, on a couch of leaves and grass lies Endymion, sleeping forever, still rosy and youthful as in life. Month by month when the silver light of the full moon steals quietly in and caresses him, he smiles in his dream, and the moon goddess smiles at him and then passes silently on.
The love of Aurora for Tithonus was more tragic than this. Tithonus was a prince of Troy and marvelously handsome, so that the golden Dawn carried him away to her palace in the East, there to live with her in joy forever . She even went up to Olympus to ask Zeus for the gift of immortality for her love, but though Zeus consented to her prayer, she forgot to ask also for the gift of eternal youth.
For a while the lovers lived in joy in the many colored house of Aurora, which stood by the ocean shore at the farthest edge of the world. At last, however, the hair of Tithonus grew grey, then white; his face became furrowed and his limbs bowed. For a long time he goddess tended him carefully, though more like a daughter than a wife. Finally the wits of the poor, toothless old man began to fail him, and his trembling legs would no longer support his frame, then the goddess lifted him gently up, laid him on a great bed in an inner room, and quietly closed the brazen doors.
There, one story says, he lies for ever, each year a little weaker and more shrunken, babbling foolishly in a high quaver to himself. Some say, however, that he was changed into the grasshopper and that the little creature with the high, shrill voice and lean, shrunken limbs is all that is left of Tithonus, who was once beautiful and lived with the gods.